By Land use and land cover changes area Kerala, with a total area of 38,863 km2, is one on the smallest states of southern India. It has a vertical orientation with an average width of 50 km. The State’s low land region (10%of the total area), runs along the coastline with beaches, swamps and lagoons, backwaters, paddy fields and coconut plantations. The midland (42%) is primarily valleys with undulating small hills and meandering passages. The high land region (48%) with steep hills is rife with forests, plantation, reservoir and small streams. The average annual rainfall is quite high when compared to other Indian states.
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